Level 3

정신

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Meaning and Usage

The Korean word '정신' primarily refers to the mind or spirit, encompassing mental state, consciousness, and psychological well-being. It is often used to describe someone's mental clarity, focus, or emotional state.

Common Contexts

  • Describing mental clarity or alertness: 정신이 맑다 (to have a clear mind).
  • Encouraging someone to regain composure: 정신을 차리다 (to pull oneself together).
  • Talking about mental health or psychological condition.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 정신이 없다: to be very busy or distracted, literally 'no mind'.
  • 정신 차리다: to regain composure or focus.
  • 정신 건강: mental health.
  • 정신적으로 힘들다: to be mentally exhausted or stressed.

Register and Usage Notes

'정신' is a neutral term used in both formal and informal contexts. It can appear in everyday conversation as well as in written language. When combined with other words, it often relates to psychological or emotional states.

Common Learner Mistake

Learners sometimes confuse '정신' with '마음' (mind/heart) which is more about feelings and emotions, whereas '정신' emphasizes mental state and consciousness. Remember that '정신' is more about cognitive and psychological aspects.

Example Sentences

그는 정신이 맑고 집중력이 뛰어나다.

Geuneun jeongsini malgo jipjungryeogi ttwieonada.

He has a clear mind and excellent concentration.

정신을 차리고 다시 시작해야 한다.

Jeongsineul charigo dasi sijakhaeya handa.

You need to pull yourself together and start again.

정신 건강을 위해 충분한 휴식이 필요하다.

Jeongsin geongangeul wihae chungbunhan hyusigi piryohada.

Adequate rest is necessary for mental health.