Level 4

물러나다

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Meaning and Usage

The verb '물러나다' primarily means 'to fall back' or 'to withdraw.' It is commonly used in both physical contexts, such as military or physical retreat, and figurative contexts, such as stepping down from a position or withdrawing from a situation.

Common Contexts

  1. Military or physical retreat: describing troops or people moving backward to avoid danger.
  2. Resignation or stepping down: often used when someone leaves a position of authority.
  3. Taking a step back in discussions or conflicts: implying emotional control or strategic withdrawal.

Collocations and Patterns

  • '한 발 물러나다': to take a step back, often used figuratively in conversations or conflicts.
  • '자리에서 물러나다': to step down from a position or office.
  • '적에게 물러나다': to retreat from the enemy, used in military contexts.

Register and Nuance

'물러나다' is a neutral verb suitable for formal and informal contexts. It can be used in news reports, formal announcements, and everyday conversations. When referring to resignation, it often implies a voluntary or honorable withdrawal.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse '물러나다' with '물러서다.' While both can mean to step back, '물러서다' often emphasizes physically stepping back or standing back, whereas '물러나다' can imply a more deliberate or strategic withdrawal, including resigning or retreating in a broader sense.

Example Sentences

군대가 적의 공격을 피해 물러났다.

Gundaega jeogui gonggyeogeul pihae mulreonatda.

The army fell back to avoid the enemy's attack.

회사는 경영난으로 인해 사장이 물러났다.

Hoesaneun gyeongyeongnaneuro inhae sajangi mulreonatda.

The company president stepped down due to financial difficulties.

논쟁 중에 감정을 누르고 한 발 물러나는 것이 중요하다.

Nonjaeng junge gamjeongeul nureugo han bal mulreonaneun geosi jungyohada.

During an argument, it is important to hold back emotions and take a step back.