비롯하다

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Meaning and Usage

The verb '비롯하다' means 'to begin with' or 'to include starting from'. It is often used to indicate the starting point or an example among a group of things. It is a formal word commonly used in written and spoken Korean.

Common Collocations

  • 'A를 비롯한 B' — 'B including A' or 'starting with A'. This pattern is very common to list examples or emphasize the starting point.
  • 'A를 비롯하여' — similar to 'A를 비롯한', used to connect multiple items.

Register and Politeness

'비롯하다' is a formal verb and is mostly used in formal contexts such as news, reports, academic writing, or formal speeches. It is less common in casual conversation.

Usage Tips

When using '비롯하다', the noun before it is usually the most representative or important example of the group. Avoid using it with very casual or personal topics, as it sounds formal.

Common Confusion

Learners sometimes confuse '비롯하다' with '시작하다' (to start) because both relate to beginning. However, '비롯하다' emphasizes inclusion or starting point within a group, not just the action of starting something.

Example Sentences

이 문제는 경제 문제를 비롯한 여러 사회 문제와 관련이 있다.

I munjeneun gyeongje munjele birothan yeoreo sahoe munje wa gwallyeoni itda.

This issue is related to various social problems, including economic problems.

우리 회사는 서울을 비롯한 전국에 지사를 두고 있다.

Uri hoesaneun seoureul birothan jeongguk-e jisareul dugo itda.

Our company has branches nationwide, starting with Seoul.

한국 음식에는 김치를 비롯한 다양한 반찬이 포함된다.

Hanguk eumsigeneun gimchireul birothan dayanghan banchani pohamdoenda.

Korean food includes various side dishes, starting with kimchi.