Level 4

의하다

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Usage and Meaning

The verb '의하다' is a formal expression used to indicate that something is based on, caused by, or according to a certain source or principle. It is often found in written or formal spoken Korean, such as reports, laws, or official statements.

Common Contexts

'의하다' frequently appears in legal, academic, or official contexts where the basis or authority for an action or statement is emphasized. It is commonly paired with nouns like '법' (law), '통계' (statistics), '정책' (policy), or '자료' (data).

Collocations and Patterns

  • '법에 의하여' (according to the law): used to express legal basis.
  • '통계에 의하여' (based on statistics): used when citing data.
  • '정책에 의하여' (according to policy): used in organizational or administrative contexts.

Register and Politeness

'의하다' is formal and typically used in written language or formal speech. It is not common in casual conversation.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse '의하다' with '의하다' used in passive constructions or with similar-sounding verbs. Remember that '의하다' here specifically means 'to be based on' or 'due to' and is often followed by '에' plus a noun indicating the basis.

Example Sentences

이 보고서는 최신 통계에 의하여 작성되었습니다.

I bogoseoneun choesin tonggye e uihayeo jakseongdoeeotseumnida.

This report was written based on the latest statistics.

법에 의하여 모든 국민은 평등한 권리를 가진다.

Beobe uihayeo modeun gukmineun pyeongdeunghan gwonrireul gajinda.

According to the law, all citizens have equal rights.

그 결정은 회사 정책에 의하여 내려졌습니다.

Geu gyeoljeongeun hoesa jeongchaeg e uihayeo naeryeojyeotseumnida.

That decision was made according to company policy.