Meaning and Usage
The Korean word '장애' broadly refers to any kind of obstacle, impairment, or malfunction. It is commonly used in contexts related to disabilities (physical or sensory impairments), technical malfunctions, or physical obstacles blocking a path.
Common Contexts
Disabilities: '장애' often appears in phrases like '시각 장애' (visual impairment) or '청각 장애' (hearing impairment). It is a formal and respectful term used in medical, social, and legal contexts.
Technical Failures: In IT or machinery, '장애' refers to malfunctions or breakdowns, e.g., '시스템 장애' (system failure).
Physical Obstacles: It can also mean physical barriers or obstacles, such as '장애물' (obstacle) in sports or daily life.
Common Collocations
- 장애인 (person with a disability): Refers to people with disabilities, used respectfully.
- 장애 발생 (occurrence of a malfunction): Used in technical or operational contexts.
- 장애물 피하다 (to avoid obstacles): Used in physical or metaphorical contexts.
Register and Politeness
'장애' is a neutral to formal noun. It is appropriate in formal writing, news reports, and polite conversation when discussing disabilities or technical issues.
Learner Tips
A common confusion is mixing '장애' with '문제' (problem). '장애' specifically implies a barrier or impairment, often physical or functional, while '문제' is more general. Use '장애' when emphasizing an obstacle or disability rather than a general problem.