그

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Usage of '그'

'그' is a demonstrative pronoun meaning 'that' in English. It is used to refer to something or someone that is known to both the speaker and listener but is not close to the speaker.

Common contexts

Referring to people or objects previously mentioned or understood in the conversation.
Talking about a specific time or event in the past ('그때' meaning 'that time').

Collocations and patterns

그 사람 (that person): used to talk about a specific person known to both.
그 책 (that book): referring to a particular book.
그때 (that time): referring to a specific moment in the past.

Notes

'그' is different from '이' (this) which refers to something close to the speaker, and '저' (that over there) which refers to something far from both speaker and listener.

A common mistake is confusing '그' with '저' when indicating distance. Remember, '그' is for something near the listener or previously mentioned, not necessarily near the speaker.

「그」の使い方

「그」は日本語の「あの」や「その」にあたる指示代名詞です。話し手と聞き手の両方に知られているものの、話し手の近くにはないものを指します。

よく使われる場面

会話で既に話題に出た人や物を指すとき。
過去の特定の時や出来事を話すとき（「그때」＝「あの時」）。

よくある連語・パターン

그 사람（あの人・その人）：特定の人を指す。
그 책（その本）：特定の本を指す。
그때（あの時）：過去の特定の時。

注意点

「그」は話し手の近くを指す「이」や、話し手・聞き手の両方から遠いものを指す「저」とは異なります。

「그」と「저」を距離感で混同しやすいので注意しましょう。「그」は聞き手の近くや既出のものを指すことが多いです。

“그”的用法

“그”是指示代词，意思是“那个”，用于指代说话者和听话者都知道但不在说话者身边的人或物。

常见用法场景

指代对话中已经提到的人或物。
谈论过去的某个特定时间或事件（如“그때”，意为“那个时候”）。

常用搭配和表达

그 사람（那个人）：指特定的人。
그 책（那本书）：指特定的书。
그때（那个时候）：指过去的某个时间点。

注意事项

“그”不同于“이”（这个，指靠近说话者的）和“저”（那个，指远离说话者和听话者的）。

学习者常混淆“그”和“저”的距离感，记住“그”多指靠近听话者或已提及的事物。

Example Sentences

그 사람은 누구예요?

Geu sarameun nuguyeyo?

Who is that person?

あの人は誰ですか？

那个人是谁？

그 책을 읽어 봤어요?

Geu chaekeul ilgeo bwasseoyo?

Have you read that book?

その本を読んだことがありますか？

你读过那本书吗？

그때는 정말 힘들었어요.

Geuttaeneun jeongmal himdeureosseoyo.

That time was really difficult.

あの時は本当に大変でした。

那时候真的很辛苦。

TOPIK Level 1

그