등등

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Meaning and Usage

The Korean word '등등' is used to indicate 'and so on,' 'etcetera,' or 'and others.' It is commonly used to list examples without naming everything explicitly. It often appears at the end of a list to imply additional similar items.

Common Contexts

You will find '등등' used in everyday conversation, formal writing, and speeches when the speaker or writer wants to avoid listing all items exhaustively. It is neutral in tone and can be used in both casual and formal contexts.

Collocations and Patterns

  • 'A, B, C 등등': Listing multiple items and implying more.
  • '등등을 포함하다': To include etcetera.
  • Often used with nouns and noun phrases.

Tips for Learners

Be careful not to confuse '등등' with '등' alone, which can mean 'back' or 'grade.' '등등' specifically functions as a phrase meaning 'and so on.' It is more formal than '같은 것들' (things like) but less formal than '등과 같은 것들.'

Using '등등' helps make your speech or writing concise and natural when listing examples without exhaustive detail.

Example Sentences

책, 연필, 공책 등등을 가방에 넣었어요.

Chaek, yeonpil, gongchaek deungdeung-eul gabang-e neoeosseoyo.

I put books, pencils, notebooks, and so on into the bag.

회의에서 예산, 일정, 인원 등등 여러 가지를 논의했어요.

Hoeuieseo yesan, iljeong, inwon deungdeung yeoreo gajireul nonuihaesseoyo.

At the meeting, we discussed various things like budget, schedule, personnel, and so on.

친구들이 생일 파티에 와서 노래도 부르고 춤도 추고 등등 즐거운 시간을 보냈어요.

Chingudeuri saengil pati-e waseo noraedo bureugo chumdo chugo deungdeung jeulgeoun sigan-eul bonaesseoyo.

Friends came to the birthday party, sang songs, danced, and so on, having a good time.