-가

-ga

전문가

TOPIK 5

Usage of the Particle '-가'

'-가' is a subject marker in Korean used to indicate the subject of a sentence. It attaches directly to a noun ending in a vowel. When the noun ends in a consonant, '-이' is used instead.

Common Contexts

This particle is essential for clarifying who or what performs the action or exists in the sentence. For example, in questions like '누가' (who), it highlights the subject clearly.

Collocations and Patterns

  • '누가' (who) – used to ask about the subject.
  • '[noun]가 있다/없다' – to express existence or absence.
  • '[noun]가 + adjective' – to describe the subject's state.

Notes on Usage

'-가' is often confused with the topic marker '-는/은'. The subject marker '-가' emphasizes the subject itself, often introducing new information or focusing on the doer of the action, while '-는/은' sets the topic or contrasts.

Formality

'-가' is neutral and used in both formal and informal contexts. It is a fundamental particle that appears in all levels of speech.

Example Sentences

누가 문을 두드렸어요?

Nuga muneul dudeuryeosseoyo?

Who knocked on the door?

책가방이 너무 무거워요.

Chaekgabang-i neomu mugeowoyo.

The school bag is too heavy.

비가 많이 와서 길이 미끄러워요.

Biga mani waseo giri mikkeureowoyo.

Because it rained a lot, the road is slippery.