가난

ganan

Poor

TOPIK 4

Meaning and Usage

The noun '가난' refers to the state of being poor or experiencing poverty. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe economic hardship.

Common Collocations

  • 가난 때문에 (because of poverty): used to explain reasons related to poverty.
  • 가난을 극복하다 (to overcome poverty): a common phrase expressing efforts to improve one's financial situation.
  • 가난한 사람 (poor person): a frequent collocation referring to individuals experiencing poverty.

Nuances and Register

'가난' is a neutral term and can be used in various registers, from everyday conversation to written texts. It often carries a serious tone when discussing social issues.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse '가난' with '빈곤', which also means poverty but is more formal and often used in official or academic contexts. Use '가난' for general conversation and '빈곤' for formal writing.

Practical Tips

When using '가난', it is natural to pair it with verbs like '겪다' (to experience), '극복하다' (to overcome), or nouns like '사람' (person) to describe situations involving poverty realistically.

Example Sentences

그는 어린 시절 가난 때문에 많은 어려움을 겪었다.

Geuneun eorin sijeol ganan ttaemune manheun eoryeoum-eul gyeok-eossda.

He experienced many difficulties because of poverty during his childhood.

가난을 극복하기 위해 열심히 일하고 있다.

Ganan-eul geugbokhagi wihae yeolsimhi ilhago itda.

He is working hard to overcome poverty.

가난한 사람들을 돕는 자선 단체에 기부했다.

Gananhan saramdeul-eul dopneun jaseon danche-e gibuhatda.

He donated to a charity that helps poor people.